Bröstcancer? Nej.
"It has been suggested in some reports that dairy product consumption may increase the risk of breast cancer. This review gives a brief overview of the etiology of breast cancer and in particular the roles of fat, bovine growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-1 and estrogens. Evidence from animal studies and epidemiology does not support a role for fat in the etiology of breast cancer. The daily intake of insulin-like growth factor-1 and biologically active estrogens from dairy products is minute in comparison to the daily endogenous secretion of these factors in women, whereas bovine growth hormone is biologically inactive in humans. On the other hand, milk contains rumenic acid, vaccenic acid, branched chain fatty acids, butyric acid, cysteine-rich whey proteins, calcium and vitamin D; components, which have the potential to help prevent breast cancer. Evidence from more than 40 case-control studies and 12 cohort studies does not support an association between dairy product consumption and the risk of breast cancer."
J Am Coll Nutr. 2005 Dec;24(6 Suppl):556S-68S. Dairy product consumption and the risk of breast cancer.
Däremot verkar det finnas en koppling mellan kalciumintag och prostatacancer hos män och äggstockscancer hos kvinnor.
Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine i USA har satt en övre tolererbar gräns vid 2500 mg per dag, och rekommenderar att män inte får i sig mer än 1000-1200 mg per dag, då ett eventuellt samband mellan ett högt intag av kalcium och ökad risk för prostatacancer inte är klarlagt. RDI är 800 mg och 1 L mjölk ger 1200 mg.
"Calcium intake was an independent predictor of prostate cancer (relative risk (RR) = 1.91, 95 percent confidence interval (CI) 1.23-2.97 for intake > or = 1183 vs. < 825 mg/day), especially for metastatic tumors (RR = 2.64, 95 percent CI 1.24-5.61), controlling for age, family history of prostate cancer, smoking, and total energy and phosphorous intakes. High consumption of dairy products was associated with a 50 percent increased risk of prostate cancer."
Cancer Causes Control. 1998 Dec;9(6):559-66. Dairy products, calcium, phosphorous, vitamin D, and risk of prostate cancer (Sweden).
"In our CPS-II Nutrition Cohort, the association between high calcium intake and prostate cancer does not appear to be as strong as reported in previous prospective studies. In the Health Professionals Study, calcium intake (>=2000 mg/day) was strongly associated with prostate cancer risk, with RRs of 1.71, 2.97, and 4.57 for total, advanced, and metastatic prostate cancer. In addition, risk of prostate cancer was independently associated with both dietary and supplemental calcium and with milk intake."
Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention Vol. 12, 597-603, July 2003
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