Koppling mellan sömnmängd och övervikt, diabetes, blodtryck & hjärtsjukdom

[King Grub]

PURPOSE: To examine whether sleep duration was associated with incident-impaired fasting glucose (IFG) over 6 years of follow-up in the Western New York Health Study.

METHODS: Participants (N = 1,455, 68% response rate) who were free of type 2 diabetes and known cardiovascular disease at baseline (1996-2001) were reexamined in the period 2003-2004. A nested case-control study was conducted. Cases had fasting plasma glucose (FPG) less than 100 mg/dL at baseline and 100 to 125 mg/dL at follow-up: controls (n = 272) had FPG less than 100 mg/dL at both exams. Cases (n = 91) were individually matched to three controls (n = 272) on sex, race, and year of study enrollment. Average sleep duration was categorized as short (<6 hours), mid-range (6 to 8 hours), and long (>8 hours).

RESULTS: In multivariate conditional logistic regression after adjustment for several diabetes risk factors, the odds ratio (OR) of IFG among short sleepers was 3.0 (95% confidence limit [CL]: 1.05, 8.59) compared to mid-range sleepers. There was no association between long sleep and IFG: OR 1.6 (95% CL: 0.45, 5.42). Adjustment for insulin resistance attenuated the association only among short sleepers: OR 2.5 (95% CL: 0.83, 7.46).

CONCLUSIONS: Short sleep duration was associated with an elevated risk of IFG. Insulin resistance appears to mediate this association.

Ann Epidemiol. 2010 Jul 9. Short Sleep Duration Is Associated with the Development of Impaired Fasting Glucose: The Western New York Health Study.

Research associates short (and to a lesser extent long) sleep duration with obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease; and although 7-8 h of sleep seems to confer the least health risk, these findings are often based on non-representative data. We hypothesize that short sleep (<7 h) and long sleep (>8 h) are positively associated with the risk of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease; and analyze 2004-2005 US National Health Interview Survey data (n = 56,507 observations, adults 18-85) to test this. We employ multilevel logistic regression, simultaneously controlling for individual characteristics (e.g., ethnoracial group, gender, age, education), other health behaviors (e.g., exercise, smoking), family environment (e.g., income, size, education) and geographic context (e.g., census region). Our model correctly classified at least 76% of adults on each of the outcomes studied, and sleep duration was frequently more strongly associated with these health risks than other covariates. These findings suggest a 7-8 h sleep duration directly and indirectly reduces chronic disease risk.

Soc Sci Med. 2010 Jun 16. Short and long sleep are positively associated with obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease among adults in the United States.