King Grub
2015-06-09, 08:05
This study investigated the effect of regular post-exercise cold water immersion (CWI) on muscle aerobic adaptations to endurance training. Eight males performed 3 sessions∙wk-1 of endurance training for 4 weeks. Following each session, subjects immersed one leg in a cold water bath (10°C; COLD) for 15 min while the contra-lateral leg served as control (CON). Muscle biopsies were obtained from vastus lateralis of both CON and COLD legs prior to training and 48 h following the last training session. Samples were analysed for signalling kinases; p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), enzyme activities indicative of mitochondrial biogenesis and protein subunits representative of respiratory chain complexes I-V. Following training, subjects' peak oxygen uptake and running velocity were improved by 5.9% and 6.2%, respectively (p < 0.05). Repeated CWI resulted in higher total AMPK, phosphorylated AMPK, phosphorylated acetyl-CoA carboxylase, β-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase and the protein subunits representative of complex-I and III (p < 0.05). Moreover, large effect sizes (Cohen's d > 0.8) were noted with changes in protein content of p38 (d = 1.02, p = 0.064), PGC-1α (d = 0.99, p = 0.079) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (d = 0.93, p = 0.010) in COLD compared with CON. No differences between conditions were observed in the representative protein subunits of respiratory complexes-II, IV, V and in the activities of several mitochondrial enzymes (p > 0.05). These findings indicate that regular CWI enhances p38, AMPK and possibly mitochondrial biogenesis.
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2015 Jun 3. Regular Post-Exercise Cooling Enhances Mitochondrial Biogenesis through AMPK and p38 MAPK in Human Skeletal Muscle.
http://ajpregu.physiology.org/content/early/2015/05/29/ajpregu.00031.2015
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2015 Jun 3. Regular Post-Exercise Cooling Enhances Mitochondrial Biogenesis through AMPK and p38 MAPK in Human Skeletal Muscle.
http://ajpregu.physiology.org/content/early/2015/05/29/ajpregu.00031.2015