Ändrat utbud på skolor i USA

[z_bumbi]

Implementation of low-fat, low-sugar, and portion-controlled nutrition guidelines in competitive food venues of Maine public high schools.
Whatley Blum JE, Davee AM, Devore RL, Beaudoin CM, Jenkins PL, Kaley LA, Wigand DA.

Department of Exercise, Health, and Sport Sciences, University of Southern Maine, 37 College Ave, Gorham, ME 04038, USA. jwblum@usm.maine.edu

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of childhood "overweight" and "at risk for overweight" has become a major public health concern. School food environments can affect key nutritional risk factors, especially in high schools where foods of poor nutrient value are pervasive in à la carte and vending programs. This study examines à la carte and vending programs in Maine public high schools at baseline and following implementation of low-fat (defined as items<or=30% of total calories from fat), low-sugar (defined as items<or=35% of sugar by weight), and portion-controlled (LFLS) guidelines. METHODS: Four high schools implemented LFLS guidelines and 3 made no changes to à la carte and vending programs for a period of 1 school year. RESULTS: Findings revealed no significant change in food and beverage offerings in control schools. Whereas, in intervention schools, the proportion of items meeting the LFLS nutrient criteria increased from 32.8% to 81.8% in à la carte items, increased from 22.5% to 84.0% in snack vending, and increased from 48.0% to 98.9% in beverage vending from baseline to follow-up. However, these increases were mitigated when LFLS portion size criteria were applied. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate the successful implementation of LFLS guidelines similar to recommendations recently proposed by numerous organizations. School food service personnel were identified as key stakeholders in the successful implementation of the LFLS guidelines. Furthermore, these findings emphasize an important role the food and beverage industry will have in providing foods and beverages that meet proposed nutrient and portion guidelines.

[Eddie Vedder]

Vi läste en liknande studie inför ett litteraturseminarium för två veckor sedan. Lite samma resultat där även om jag tycker datainsamlingen var tveksam. Marginellt bättre kosthållning i skolan tack vara satsningen, hemma åt alla barn lika mycket skit dock.

BACKGROUND: Access to foods and beverages on school campuses, at home, and other locations affects children's diet quality, energy intake, and risk of obesity. OBJECTIVES: To describe patterns of consumption of "empty calories"--low-nutrient, energy-dense foods, including sugar-sweetened beverages--by eating location among National School Lunch Program (NSLP) participants and nonparticipants. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study using 24-hour dietary recall data from the 2004-2005 third School Nutrition Dietary Assessment Study. SUBJECTS/SETTING: A nationally representative sample of 2,314 children in grades one through 12, including 1,386 NSLP participants. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED: Comparisons, using t tests, of the proportion of children consuming low-nutrient, energy-dense foods and beverages, mean daily energy and energy from low-nutrient, energy-dense foods, and energy density by NSLP participation status. RESULTS: On a typical school day, children consumed 527 "empty calories" during a 24-hour period. Eating at home provided the highest mean amount of energy from low-nutrient, energy-dense foods (276 kcal vs 174 kcal at school and 78 kcal at other locations). NSLP participants consumed less energy from sugar-sweetened beverages at school than nonparticipants (11 kcal vs 39 kcal in elementary schools and 45 kcal vs 61 kcal in secondary schools, P<0.01), but more energy from low-nutrient, energy-dense solid foods such as french fries and higher-fat baked goods in secondary schools (157 kcal vs 127 kcal, P<0.01). Participants were not more likely to consume sugar-sweetened beverages or low-nutrient, energy-dense foods at home or other locations. School lunch participants' consumption at school was less energy-dense than nonparticipants' consumption at school (P<0.01). Energy density was highest for consumption at locations away from home and school. CONCLUSIONS: Improving home eating behaviors, where the largest proportion of total daily and energy from low-nutrient, energy-dense foods are consumed (especially from sugar-sweetened beverages, chips, and baked goods) is warranted. At schools, consumption of energy from low-nutrient, energy-dense foods may be reduced by limiting access to competitive foods and beverages, enforcing strong school wellness policies, and minimizing the frequency of offering french fries and similar potato products and higher-fat baked goods in school meals or à la carte.

Consumption of low-nutrient, energy-dense foods and beverages at school, home, and other locations among school lunch participants and nonparticipants. J Am Diet Assoc. 2009 Feb;109(2 Suppl):S79-90.

[z_bumbi]

I de fall där man har bytt/tillhandahållit bättre mat i kombination med information till både barn och föräldrar brukar genomslaget bli ett annat. Studierna visar i alla fall ganska tydligt att man inte kan angripa den här typen av problem ensidigt och att man bör utföra samordnade insatser för att få bättre resultat men att man trots det i alla fall får ett resultat som är värt att beakta.

[esja]

Just den här studien handlar inte om mat men tycker ändå den passar in. Visar också att förändringar enbart i skolan inte gör så mycket för BMI.



Background: The prevalence of childhood obesity is increasing at an alarming rate. Many local governments have enacted policies to increase physical activity in schools as a way to combat childhood obesity. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effect of school-based physical activity interventions on body mass index (BMI) in children.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials up to September 2008. We also hand-searched relevant journals and article reference lists. We included randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical trials that had objective data for BMI from before and after the intervention, that involved school-based physical activity interventions and that lasted for a minimum of 6 months.

Results: Of 398 potentially relevant articles that we identified, 18 studies involving 18 141 children met the inclusion criteria. The participants were primarily elementary school children. The study duration ranged from 6 months to 3 years. In 15 of these 18 studies, there was some type of co-intervention. Meta-analysis showed that BMI did not improve with physical activity interventions (weighted mean difference –0.05 kg/m2, 95% confidence interval –0.19 to 0.10). We found no consistent changes in other measures of body composition.

Interpretation: School-based physical activity interventions did not improve BMI, although they had other beneficial health effects. Current population-based policies that mandate increased physical activity in schools are unlikely to have a significant effect on the increasing prevalence of childhood obesity.

http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/content/full/180/7/719

[Eddie Vedder]

I de fall där man har bytt/tillhandahållit bättre mat i kombination med information till både barn och föräldrar brukar genomslaget bli ett annat. Studierna visar i alla fall ganska tydligt att man inte kan angripa den här typen av problem ensidigt och att man bör utföra samordnade insatser för att få bättre resultat men att man trots det i alla fall får ett resultat som är värt att beakta.

Absolut!:thumbup:

Studien i mitt fall handlade om NSLP, dvs National School Lunch Programme. Det sräcker sig över hela USA mer eller mindre, 30 miljoner luncher om dagen och 10 miljoner frukostar om jag inte minns fel.

Hela numret av JADA där den studien jag postade kommer ifrån är en publikation om skolmaten och olika studier av interventioner inom programmet. Generellt verkar det dock inte slå igenom i hemmen alls, marginellt bättre matvanor i skolan men inga förändringar alls hemma. Om information gått ut till föräldrarna vet jag inte men jag tror att det förekommit i alla fall.

[Tabbe]

Bodde 1 år i usa, tog man något av den nyttiga maten som serverades i skolan fick man konstiga blickar och kommentarer från polarna^^

Dock fanns det alltid ett nyttigt alternativ, jag tror det viktigaste är att informera tydligt och vid låg ålder både föräldrar och barn.