Negativa konsekvenser av kroppbyggares tävlingsförberedelser

[King Grub]

We examined whether off-season (OffS) and pre-contest (PreC) periods affect blood oxidative stress, inflammation, immunological and psychological markers in twenty bodybuilders. The athletes completed food intake (3-d record), physical activities, mood states (POMS), recovery-stress (RESTQ-sport), Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey (WURSS-21), and blood were obtained for biochemistry analyses. Almost all athletes were in a positive energy balance during the OffS, while bodybuilders presented markedly restricted energy intake (~45%) leading to a loss of weight (-9%) and fat mass (-45%), with a corresponding preservation of fat free mass in PreC. Protein intake was high during both periods, while lipid and carbohydrate intake were reduced ~50% in PreC. Almost all athletes consumed 100% of the RDA for micronutrients in OffS and 45% and 75% of the athletes had intakes bellow the RDA for vitamin A and E in PreC. Oxidative damage to lipids (TBARS), protein carbonyl, TBARS/ total antioxidant capacity ratio increased in PreC (32%, 27%, 60%), accompanied by an increase in plasma TNF-α (4x), and WURSS-21 scores (25%). There were no significant changes in serum antioxidant catalase, glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase, nor in IL-1β and immunoglobulin's. In PreC, POMS showed positive changes in vigor (-20%), and negative effects on fatigue (23%), as well as total mood disturbance (35%) and alterations in RESTQ-sport for general and sport stress (34 and 50%, respectively) and sport recovery (-23%). Thus, PreC negatively affects nutrient intake, which may exacerbate oxidative stress, inflammation and psychological status, as well as the severity of respiratory infections in bodybuilders.

Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2018 Sep 24. Oxidative stress, inflammatory, psychological markers and severity of respiratory infections are negatively affected during the pre-contest period in amateur bodybuilders.

http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/..._pub%3Dpubmed&