[King Grub]

Ursprungligen postat av Pox

Inte bevisat, vissa studier har pekat på ett sådant samband men de senaste studier jag kunde gräva upp gav inget stöd för detta, de hittade inget samband.
När det gäller prostata-cancer är väl den starkaste kopplingen till kost den att fettrik kost skulle öka risken.

High intakes of dairy products and of the milk sugar lactose have been hypothesized to increase ovarian cancer risk, but prospective data are scarce.

We examined the association between intakes of dairy products and lactose and the risk of total epithelial ovarian cancer and its subtypes.

This was a prospective population-based cohort study of 61 084 women aged 38-76 y who were enrolled in the Swedish Mammography Cohort. Diet was assessed in 1987-1990 with the use of a self-administered food-frequency questionnaire. During an average follow-up of 13.5 y, 266 women were diagnosed with invasive epithelial ovarian cancer; 125 of those women had serous ovarian cancer.

After adjustment for potential confounders, women who consumed >/=4 servings of total dairy products/d had a risk of serous ovarian cancer (rate ratio: 2.0; 95% CI: 1.1, 3.7; P for trend = 0.06) twice that of women who consumed <2 servings/d. No significant association was found for other subtypes of ovarian cancer. Milk was the dairy product with the strongest positive association with serous ovarian cancer (rate ratio comparing consuming >/=2 glasses milk/d with consuming milk never or seldom: 2.0; 95% CI: 1.1, 3.7; P for trend = 0.04). We observed a positive association between lactose intake and serous ovarian cancer risk (P for trend = 0.006).

Our data indicate that high intakes of lactose and dairy products, particularly milk, are associated with an increased risk of serous ovarian cancer but not of other subtypes of ovarian cancer. Future studies should consider ovarian cancer subtypes separately.

Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Nov;80(5):1353-7. Milk and lactose intakes and ovarian cancer risk in the Swedish Mammography Cohort.

Calcium intake was an independent predictor of prostate cancer (relative risk (RR) = 1.91, 95 percent confidence interval (CI) 1.23-2.97 for intake > or = 1183 vs. < 825 mg/day), especially for metastatic tumors (RR = 2.64, 95 percent CI 1.24-5.61), controlling for age, family history of prostate cancer, smoking, and total energy and phosphorous intakes. High consumption of dairy products was associated with a 50 percent increased risk of prostate cancer.

Cancer Causes Control. 1998 Dec;9(6):559-66. Dairy products, calcium, phosphorous, vitamin D, and risk of prostate cancer (Sweden).

In our CPS-II Nutrition Cohort, the association between high calcium intake and prostate cancer does not appear to be as strong as reported in previous prospective studies. In the Health Professionals Study, calcium intake (>=2000 mg/day) was strongly associated with prostate cancer risk, with RRs of 1.71, 2.97, and 4.57 for total, advanced, and metastatic prostate cancer. In addition, risk of prostate cancer was independently associated with both dietary and supplemental calcium and with milk intake.

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention Vol. 12, 597-603, July 2003

Recent epidemiological studies have raised concern that high calcium intakes are associated with increased risk of prostate cancer. A large prospective cohort study in the U.S. followed more than 50,000 male health professionals for 8 years and found that men whose calcium intake was 2,000 mg/day or more had a risk of developing advanced prostate cancer that was 3 times higher than men whose calcium intake was less than 500 mg/day and a risk of developing metastasized prostate cancer that was more than 4 times greater ...

http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/infocente...ium/index.html

Although dairy products have been found to be associated with an elevated risk of prostate cancer, studies investigating the potential effect of Ca are limited, and findings are inconsistent. The objective of the present study was to test the relationship between the risk of prostate cancer and consumption of dairy products and Ca. The analysis included 2776 men from the French SU.VI.MAX (Supplementation en Vitamines et Mineraux Antioxydants) prospective study, among whom sixty-nine developed prostate cancer during the follow-up period (median: 7.7 years). Food consumption was assessed at inclusion from repeated 24 h records and nutrient intake was calculated using a food composition table. A higher risk of prostate cancer was observed among subjects with higher dairy product (relative risk (RR; 95 % CI), 4th quartile v. 1st: 1.35 (1.02, 1.78), P = 0.04) and Ca intake (RR (95 % CI), 4th quartile v. 1st: 2.43 (1.05, 5.62), P = 0.04). Nevertheless, we identified a harmful effect of yoghurt consumption upon the risk of prostate cancer (RR (95 % CI), increment 125 g/d: 1.61 (1.07, 2.43), P = 0.02) independently of the Ca content. Our data support the hypothesis that dairy products have a harmful effect with respect to the risk of prostate cancer, largely related to Ca content.

Br J Nutr. 2006 Mar;95(3):539-45.

Increasing evidence supports the important role of nutrition in cancer prevention, including prevention of prostate cancer. In this review, we summarize data for some of the most consistently observed dietary associations for prostate cancer incidence, briefly consider possible postdiagnostic effects of nutrition on prostate cancer progression/survival, discuss new but limited data on diet-gene interactions, and comment on current areas of controversy for future research focus. Potential protective dietary elements include tomatoes/lycopene, other carotenoids, cruciferous vegetables, vitamin E, selenium, fish/marine omega-3 fatty acids, soy, isoflavones and polyphenols; whereas milk, dairy, calcium, zinc at high doses, saturated fat, grilled meats, and heterocyclic amines may increase risk.

J Clin Oncol. 2005 Nov 10;23(32):8152-60.

Dairy intake may increase prostate cancer risk, but whether this is due to calcium's suppression of circulating vitamin D remains unclear. Findings on calcium and vitamin D intake and prostate cancer are inconsistent. We examined the association of dairy, calcium, and vitamin D intake with prostate cancer. In a prospective study of 3612 men followed from 1982-1984 to 1992 for the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Epidemiologic Follow-up Study, 131 prostate cancer cases were identified. Dietary intake was estimated from questionnaires completed in 1982-1984. Relative risk (RR) and 95% CIs were estimated by using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age, race, and other covariates. Compared with men in the lowest tertile for dairy food intake, men in the highest tertile had a relative risk (RR) of 2.2 (95% CI: 1.2, 3.9; trend P = 0.05). Low-fat milk was associated with increased risk (RR = 1.5; 95% CI: 1.1, 2.2; third compared with first tertile; trend P = 0.02), but whole milk was not (RR = 0.8; 95% CI: 0.5, 1.3; third compared with first tertile; trend P = 0.35). Dietary calcium was also strongly associated with increased risk (RR = 2.2; 95% CI: 1.4, 3.5; third compared with first tertile; trend P = 0.001). After adjustment for calcium intake, neither vitamin D nor phosphorus was clearly associated with risk. Dairy consumption may increase prostate cancer risk through a calcium-related pathway. Calcium and low-fat milk have been promoted to reduce risk of osteoporosis and colon cancer. Therefore, the mechanisms by which dairy and calcium might increase prostate cancer risk should be clarified and confirmed.

Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 May;81(5):1147-54.

Solklara, för alltid obestribara bevis? Nej, men att många studier och analyser, aktuella sådana, har funnit ett klart samband, går inte att avfärda. Man skall naturligtvis inte drabbas av panik och utesluta allt vad mjölk heter, men att ligga på intag som motsvarar RDI x 5 kanske inte heller är så lyckat och kanske kan innebära att man får ångra sig senare i livet.