King Grub
2015-05-15, 12:22
INTRODUCTION:
Breakfast omission may reduce daily energy intake. Exercising fasted impairs performance compared to exercising after breakfast, but the effect breakfast omission has on evening exercise performance is unknown. This study assessed the impact of omitting breakfast on evening exercise performance, as well as within-day energy intake.
METHODS:
Ten male, habitual breakfast eaters completed two trials, in randomised, counterbalanced order. Subjects arrived at the laboratory overnight fasted, and either consumed or omitted a 733 ± 46 kcal (3095 ± 195 kJ) breakfast. Ad-libitum energy intake was assessed at 4.5 h (lunch) and 11 h (dinner). At 9 h subjects completed 30 min cycling exercise at ∼60% VO2peak, followed by a 30 min maximal cycling performance test. Food was not permitted for subjects once they left the laboratory after dinner until 08:00 the following morning. Acylated ghrelin, GLP-1(7-36), glucose and insulin were assessed at 0, 4.5 and 9 h. Subjective appetite sensations were recorded throughout.
RESULTS:
Energy intake was 199 ± 151 kcal greater at lunch (P<0.01) after breakfast omission compared to breakfast consumption and tended to be greater at dinner after consuming breakfast (P=0.052). Consequently, total ad-libitum energy intake was similar between trials (P=0.196), with 24 h energy intake 19 ± 5 % greater after consuming breakfast (P<0.001). Total work completed during the exercise performance test was 4.5 % greater after breakfast (314 ± 53 kJ vs. 300 ± 56 kJ; P<0.05). Insulin was greater during BC at 4.5 h (P<0.05), with no other interaction effect for hormone concentrations.
CONCLUSIONS:
Breakfast omission might be an effective means of reducing daily energy intake, but may impair performance later that day, even after consuming lunch.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2015 May 12. Effect of Breakfast Omission on Energy Intake and Evening Exercise Performance.
Breakfast omission may reduce daily energy intake. Exercising fasted impairs performance compared to exercising after breakfast, but the effect breakfast omission has on evening exercise performance is unknown. This study assessed the impact of omitting breakfast on evening exercise performance, as well as within-day energy intake.
METHODS:
Ten male, habitual breakfast eaters completed two trials, in randomised, counterbalanced order. Subjects arrived at the laboratory overnight fasted, and either consumed or omitted a 733 ± 46 kcal (3095 ± 195 kJ) breakfast. Ad-libitum energy intake was assessed at 4.5 h (lunch) and 11 h (dinner). At 9 h subjects completed 30 min cycling exercise at ∼60% VO2peak, followed by a 30 min maximal cycling performance test. Food was not permitted for subjects once they left the laboratory after dinner until 08:00 the following morning. Acylated ghrelin, GLP-1(7-36), glucose and insulin were assessed at 0, 4.5 and 9 h. Subjective appetite sensations were recorded throughout.
RESULTS:
Energy intake was 199 ± 151 kcal greater at lunch (P<0.01) after breakfast omission compared to breakfast consumption and tended to be greater at dinner after consuming breakfast (P=0.052). Consequently, total ad-libitum energy intake was similar between trials (P=0.196), with 24 h energy intake 19 ± 5 % greater after consuming breakfast (P<0.001). Total work completed during the exercise performance test was 4.5 % greater after breakfast (314 ± 53 kJ vs. 300 ± 56 kJ; P<0.05). Insulin was greater during BC at 4.5 h (P<0.05), with no other interaction effect for hormone concentrations.
CONCLUSIONS:
Breakfast omission might be an effective means of reducing daily energy intake, but may impair performance later that day, even after consuming lunch.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2015 May 12. Effect of Breakfast Omission on Energy Intake and Evening Exercise Performance.