King Grub
2013-10-17, 10:07
Milk protein intake has recently been suggested to improve metabolic health. This Perspective provides evidence that metabolic effects of milk protein intake have to be regarded in the context of the individual’s pre-existing metabolic and exercise status. Milk proteins provide abundant branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and glutamine. Plasma BCAAs and glutamine are increased in obesity and insulin resistance, but decrease after gastric bypass surgery resulting in weight loss and improved insulin sensitivity. Milk protein consumption results in postprandial hyperinsulinemia in obese subjects, increases body weight of overweight adolescents and may thus deteriorate pre-existing metabolic disturbances of obese, insulin resistant individuals.
There is no evidence that milk proteins per se improve metabolic health. In contrast, increased consumption of milk proteins may further impair BCAA metabolism of obese, insulin resistant, sedentary individuals. It is now clear that not calorie restriction but BCAA restriction extends lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster[81,82]. Reduction of BCAA intake with reduced mTORC1 activation explains the metabolic benefits of dietary restriction [83,84]. Persistent leucine-mediated hyperinsulinemia in obesity induced by persistent milk protein consumption may promote an earlier onset of β-cell apoptosis. Epidemiological evidence underlines the association between increased milk intake and higher BMI, increased milk intake and early onset of menarche, and the association of increased BMI as well as early menarche and increased risk of T2D. Thus, we recommend a more careful and restricted use of milk proteins, especially in the setting of pre-existent obesity, insulin resistance as well as sedentary life style.
Metabolic effects of milk protein intake strongly depend on pre-existing metabolic and exercise status. Nutrition & Metabolism 2 October 2013)
http://www.nutritionandmetabolism.com/content/10/1/60
There is no evidence that milk proteins per se improve metabolic health. In contrast, increased consumption of milk proteins may further impair BCAA metabolism of obese, insulin resistant, sedentary individuals. It is now clear that not calorie restriction but BCAA restriction extends lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster[81,82]. Reduction of BCAA intake with reduced mTORC1 activation explains the metabolic benefits of dietary restriction [83,84]. Persistent leucine-mediated hyperinsulinemia in obesity induced by persistent milk protein consumption may promote an earlier onset of β-cell apoptosis. Epidemiological evidence underlines the association between increased milk intake and higher BMI, increased milk intake and early onset of menarche, and the association of increased BMI as well as early menarche and increased risk of T2D. Thus, we recommend a more careful and restricted use of milk proteins, especially in the setting of pre-existent obesity, insulin resistance as well as sedentary life style.
Metabolic effects of milk protein intake strongly depend on pre-existing metabolic and exercise status. Nutrition & Metabolism 2 October 2013)
http://www.nutritionandmetabolism.com/content/10/1/60