tjing
2013-06-15, 08:36
Predictors of body composition and body energy changes in response to chronic overfeeding.
Abstract:
Objective:
We have previously shown that 24 young lean men (12 pairs of identical twins) subjected to a standardized 353 MJ (84 000 kcal) overfeeding protocol over 100 days exhibited individual differences in body weight and composition gains. The mean (+SD) gains in fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) were 5.4+1.9 kg and 2.7+1.5 kg for a total body energy (BE) gain of 221+75 MJ representing 63% of the energy surplus consumed. We report here on the most important baseline correlates of these overfeeding-induced changes with the aim of identifying biomarkers of the response.
Results:
Baseline maximal oxygen uptake per kilogram body mass was negatively correlated with gains in weight, FM, and BE (all P<0.05). Enzyme activities indicative of skeletal muscle oxidative potential correlated with gains in FM and BE (all P<0.05). Baseline TSH levels in response to a TRH stimulation correlated positively with changes in FM-to-FFM ratio (P<0.05). Plasma concentrations of androstenediol-sulfate, dehydroepiandrosterone, and 17-hydroxy pregnenolone were negatively correlated with gains in FM and BE (0.01<P<0.05), while level of estrone was negatively and androsterone-glucoronide was positively correlated with FFM gains (P<0.05). Baseline leptin and abdominal fat cell size correlated positively with gains in weight, FM, and BE (P<0.05). When compared to the six highest BE gainers, the six lowest gainers exhibited higher thermic effect of a meal (TEM) and plasma levels of total testosterone, cortisol, estradiol, androstenedione, and androstenediol-sulfate (all P<0.05). High baseline levels of total TEM, testosterone, and androstenediol-sulfate were associated with lower FM gains whereas high baseline levels of FT4 and estrone were found in low-FFM gainers.
Conclusion:
Although none of the variables exerted individually an overwhelmingly strong influence on overfeeding-induced changes, baseline FFM, maximal oxygen uptake, muscle oxidative capacity, androgens, and leptin levels were the most consistent significant biomarkers of the responsiveness to chronic overfeeding.
International Journal of Obesity accepted article preview 20 May 2013
http://www.nature.com/ijo/journal/vaop/naam/abs/ijo201377a.html
Abstract:
Objective:
We have previously shown that 24 young lean men (12 pairs of identical twins) subjected to a standardized 353 MJ (84 000 kcal) overfeeding protocol over 100 days exhibited individual differences in body weight and composition gains. The mean (+SD) gains in fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) were 5.4+1.9 kg and 2.7+1.5 kg for a total body energy (BE) gain of 221+75 MJ representing 63% of the energy surplus consumed. We report here on the most important baseline correlates of these overfeeding-induced changes with the aim of identifying biomarkers of the response.
Results:
Baseline maximal oxygen uptake per kilogram body mass was negatively correlated with gains in weight, FM, and BE (all P<0.05). Enzyme activities indicative of skeletal muscle oxidative potential correlated with gains in FM and BE (all P<0.05). Baseline TSH levels in response to a TRH stimulation correlated positively with changes in FM-to-FFM ratio (P<0.05). Plasma concentrations of androstenediol-sulfate, dehydroepiandrosterone, and 17-hydroxy pregnenolone were negatively correlated with gains in FM and BE (0.01<P<0.05), while level of estrone was negatively and androsterone-glucoronide was positively correlated with FFM gains (P<0.05). Baseline leptin and abdominal fat cell size correlated positively with gains in weight, FM, and BE (P<0.05). When compared to the six highest BE gainers, the six lowest gainers exhibited higher thermic effect of a meal (TEM) and plasma levels of total testosterone, cortisol, estradiol, androstenedione, and androstenediol-sulfate (all P<0.05). High baseline levels of total TEM, testosterone, and androstenediol-sulfate were associated with lower FM gains whereas high baseline levels of FT4 and estrone were found in low-FFM gainers.
Conclusion:
Although none of the variables exerted individually an overwhelmingly strong influence on overfeeding-induced changes, baseline FFM, maximal oxygen uptake, muscle oxidative capacity, androgens, and leptin levels were the most consistent significant biomarkers of the responsiveness to chronic overfeeding.
International Journal of Obesity accepted article preview 20 May 2013
http://www.nature.com/ijo/journal/vaop/naam/abs/ijo201377a.html