Eddie Vedder
2012-03-19, 08:41
BACKGROUND:
Early studies suggested that coffee consumption may increase the risk of chronic disease.
OBJECTIVE:
We investigated prospectively the association between coffee consumption and the risk of chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2D), myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and cancer.
DESIGN:
We used data from 42,659 participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Germany study. Coffee consumption was assessed by self-administered food-frequency questionnaire at baseline, and data on medically verified incident chronic diseases were collected by active and passive follow-up procedures. HRs and 95% CIs were calculated with multivariate Cox regression models and compared by competing risk analysis.
RESULTS:
During 8.9 y of follow-up, we observed 1432 cases of T2D, 394 of MI, 310 of stroke, and 1801 of cancer as first qualifying events. Caffeinated (HR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.84, 1.05) or decaffeinated (HR: 1.05; 95% CI: 0.84, 1.31) coffee consumption (≥4 cups/d compared with <1 cup/d; 1 cup was defined as 150 mL) was not associated with the overall risk of chronic disease. A lower risk of T2D was associated with caffeinated (HR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.94; P-trend 0.009) and decaffeinated (HR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.46, 1.06; P-trend: 0.043) coffee consumption (≥4 cups/d compared with <1 cup/d), but cardiovascular disease and cancer risk were not. The competing risk analysis showed no significant differences between the risk associations of individual diseases.
CONCLUSION:
Our findings suggest that coffee consumption does not increase the risk of chronic disease, but it may be linked to a lower risk of T2D.
http://www.ajcn.org/content/early/2012/02/14/ajcn.111.023648.short
Floegel A, Pischon T, Bergmann MM, Teucher B, Kaaks R, Boeing H. Coffee consumption and risk of chronic disease in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Germany study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Feb 15. [Epub ahead of print]
Till den här studien följde även en debattartikel i AJCN som behandlar just ämnet om vad man idag tros sig veta om kaffekonsumtion och hälsa.
In conclusion, although more research on the health effect of
coffee is yet needed to formulate sound recommendations on its
consumption, current information suggests that coffee is not as
bad as we were told.
http://www.ajcn.org/content/early/2012/03/05/ajcn.111.033761.full.pdf+html
Lopez-Garcia E. Coffee consumption and risk of chronic diseases: changing our views. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Mar 7. [Epub ahead of print]
Det här tycker jag är en väldigt viktig punkt som alldeles för sällan berörs inom epidemiologin tycker jag:
However, there might still be uncontrolled factors associated with
coffee consumption that could contribute to the beneficial effect seen
in many studies. For example, coffee consumption may be a marker
of social interaction, especially in Mediterranean countries. Coffee
shops are meeting places, so people who report consuming coffee
on a regular basis may be more likely to have a good social network
and quality of life.
Självklart är man inom forskningen medveten om det men som confounder tas den inte tillräckligt sällan med i beräkningarna tycker i alla fall jag.
Early studies suggested that coffee consumption may increase the risk of chronic disease.
OBJECTIVE:
We investigated prospectively the association between coffee consumption and the risk of chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2D), myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and cancer.
DESIGN:
We used data from 42,659 participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Germany study. Coffee consumption was assessed by self-administered food-frequency questionnaire at baseline, and data on medically verified incident chronic diseases were collected by active and passive follow-up procedures. HRs and 95% CIs were calculated with multivariate Cox regression models and compared by competing risk analysis.
RESULTS:
During 8.9 y of follow-up, we observed 1432 cases of T2D, 394 of MI, 310 of stroke, and 1801 of cancer as first qualifying events. Caffeinated (HR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.84, 1.05) or decaffeinated (HR: 1.05; 95% CI: 0.84, 1.31) coffee consumption (≥4 cups/d compared with <1 cup/d; 1 cup was defined as 150 mL) was not associated with the overall risk of chronic disease. A lower risk of T2D was associated with caffeinated (HR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.94; P-trend 0.009) and decaffeinated (HR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.46, 1.06; P-trend: 0.043) coffee consumption (≥4 cups/d compared with <1 cup/d), but cardiovascular disease and cancer risk were not. The competing risk analysis showed no significant differences between the risk associations of individual diseases.
CONCLUSION:
Our findings suggest that coffee consumption does not increase the risk of chronic disease, but it may be linked to a lower risk of T2D.
http://www.ajcn.org/content/early/2012/02/14/ajcn.111.023648.short
Floegel A, Pischon T, Bergmann MM, Teucher B, Kaaks R, Boeing H. Coffee consumption and risk of chronic disease in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Germany study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Feb 15. [Epub ahead of print]
Till den här studien följde även en debattartikel i AJCN som behandlar just ämnet om vad man idag tros sig veta om kaffekonsumtion och hälsa.
In conclusion, although more research on the health effect of
coffee is yet needed to formulate sound recommendations on its
consumption, current information suggests that coffee is not as
bad as we were told.
http://www.ajcn.org/content/early/2012/03/05/ajcn.111.033761.full.pdf+html
Lopez-Garcia E. Coffee consumption and risk of chronic diseases: changing our views. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Mar 7. [Epub ahead of print]
Det här tycker jag är en väldigt viktig punkt som alldeles för sällan berörs inom epidemiologin tycker jag:
However, there might still be uncontrolled factors associated with
coffee consumption that could contribute to the beneficial effect seen
in many studies. For example, coffee consumption may be a marker
of social interaction, especially in Mediterranean countries. Coffee
shops are meeting places, so people who report consuming coffee
on a regular basis may be more likely to have a good social network
and quality of life.
Självklart är man inom forskningen medveten om det men som confounder tas den inte tillräckligt sällan med i beräkningarna tycker i alla fall jag.