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Visa fullständig version : Genetiska faktorer påverkar risk för diabetes typ 2 vid olika kolhydrat- & fettintag


King Grub
2012-03-10, 13:57
Context:

A common genetic variant (rs10423928, A-allele) in the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor gene (GIPR) is associated with decreased insulin secretion. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide is secreted after food consumption and gipr knockout mice fed a high-fat diet are protected against obesity and disturbances in glucose homeostasis.

Objective:

Our objective was to examine the interactions between rs10423928 and macronutrients and fiber intakes on body mass index and type 2 diabetes risk.Design, Setting, and Participants:Among nondiabetic subjects in the Swedish population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort (n = 24,840; 45-74 yr), 1541 diabetes cases were identified during 12 yr of follow-up. Dietary intakes were assessed using a diet history method.

Main Outcome Measure:

Incident type 2 diabetes was identified through registers.

Results:

There was no indication that dietary intakes significantly modify the association between GIPR genotype and body mass index (P interaction >0.08). We observed significant interactions between GIPR genotype and quintiles of carbohydrate (P = 0.0005) and fat intake (P = 0.0006) on incident type 2 diabetes. The TT-genotype carriers within the highest compared with the lowest carbohydrate quintile were at 23% (95% confidence interval = 5-39%) decreased type 2 diabetes risk. In contrast, AA-genotype carriers in the highest compared with the lowest fat quintile were at 69% (95% confidence interval = 29-86%) decreased risk.

Conclusions:

Our prospective, observational study indicates that the type 2 diabetes risk by dietary intake of carbohydrate and fat may be dependent on GIPR genotype. In line with results in gipr knockout mice, AA-genotype carriers consuming high-fat low-carbohydrate diets had reduced type 2 diabetes risk, whereas high-carbohydrate low-fat diets benefitted the two thirds of population homozygous for the T-allele.

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Mar 7. Genetic Variation in the Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Receptor Modifies the Association between Carbohydrate and Fat Intake and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in the Malmo Diet and Cancer Cohort.

http://jcem.endojournals.org/content/early/2012/03/01/jc.2011-2444.long