"Isglass" förbättrar prestationsförmågan vid träning i värme

[King Grub]

PURPOSE:: To investigate the effect of ice slurry ingestion on thermoregulatory responses and sub-maximal running time in the heat.

METHODS:: On two separate occasions, in a counterbalanced order, ten males ingested 7.5 g.kg of either ice slurry (-1 degrees C) or cold water (4 degrees C) before running to exhaustion at their first ventilatory threshold in a hot environment (34.0 +/- 0.2 degrees C, 54.9 +/- 5.9% RH). Rectal and skin temperatures, heart rate, sweating rate, and ratings of thermal sensation and perceived exertion were measured.

RESULTS:: Running time was longer (P = 0.001) after ice slurry (50.2 +/- 8.5 min) versus cold water (40.7 +/- 7.2 min) ingestion. Prior to running, rectal temperature dropped 0.66 +/- 0.14 degrees C following ice slurry ingestion compared to 0.25 +/- 0.09 degrees C (P = 0.001) with cold water, and remained lower for the first 30 min of exercise. At exhaustion however, rectal temperature was higher (P = 0.001) with ice slurry (39.36 +/- 0.41 degrees C) versus cold water ingestion (39.05 +/- 0.37 degrees C). During exercise, mean skin temperature was similar between conditions (P = 0.992), as was heart rate (P = 0.122) and sweat rate (P = 0.242). Following ice slurry ingestion, subjects stored more heat during exercise (100.10 +/- 25.00 vs. 78.93 +/- 20.52 W.m; P = 0.005), and mean ratings of thermal sensation (P = 0.001) and perceived exertion (P = 0.022) were lower.

CONCLUSION:: Compared with cold water, ice slurry ingestion lowered pre-exercise rectal temperature, increased sub-maximal endurance running time in the heat (+19 +/- 6%) and allowed rectal temperature to become higher at exhaustion. As such, ice slurry ingestion may be an effective and practical precooling maneuver for athletes competing in hot environments.

Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2009 Nov 27. Ice Slurry Ingestion Increases Core Temperature Capacity and Running Time in the Heat.

[Alone_in_the_dark]

Nu fick jag svar på hur ungar orkar fara runt som skållade troll i 37 graders värme, Slush/Slurry är "the key-incredient":D

[King Grub]

The purpose of this study was to determine whether ingestion of a small bolus of ice slurry (1.25 g kg(-1)) could attenuate the reduction in maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC) torque output during a 2-min sustained task following exercise-induced hyperthermia. On two separate occasions, 10 males (age: 24 ± 3 years, [Formula: see text]: 49.8 ± 4.7 ml kg(-1) min(-1)) ran to exhaustion at their first ventilatory threshold in a hot environment (34.1 ± 0.1°C, 49.5 ± 3.6% RH). Prior to and after exercise, subjects performed a 2-min sustained MVC of the right elbow flexors in a thermoneutral environment (24.6 ± 0.8°C, 37.2 ± 4.5% RH). The post exercise MVC was performed immediately following the ingestion of either 1.25 g kg(-1) of ice slurry (-1°C; ICE) or warm fluid (40°C; CON), in a counterbalanced and randomised order. Run time to exhaustion (42.4 ± 9.5 vs. 41.7 ± 8.7 min; p = 0.530), and rectal (39.08 ± 0.30 vs. 39.08 ± 0.30°C; p = 0.934) and skin temperatures (35.26 ± 0.65 vs. 35.28 ± 0.67°C; p = 0.922) and heart rate (189 ± 5 vs. 189 ± 6 beats min(-1); p = 0.830) at the end of the run were similar between trials. Torque output during the post-exercise 2-min sustained MVC was significantly higher (p = 0.001) following ICE (30.75 ± 16.40 Nm) compared with CON (28.69 ± 14.88 Nm). These results suggest that ice slurry ingestion attenuated the effects of exercise-induced hyperthermia on MVC, possibly via internal thermoreceptive and/or temperature-related sensory mechanisms.

Eur J Appl Physiol. 2011 Mar 1. The influence of ice slurry ingestion on maximal voluntary contraction following exercise-induced hyperthermia.

[RassK]

Nya PWO'n

[Krampus]

Haha, bästa studien so far! :D

[eriksvensson]

Kul att GB-glass har börjat göra egna studier!

[King Grub]

OBJECTIVE:

To examine the effect of drinking an ice slurry (slushy) compared with cold water on prolonged submaximal exercise performed in the heat and on thermoregulatory responses.

DESIGN:

Crossover trial, with the 2 conditions counterbalanced and in random order. Results were adjusted for multiple comparisons by the method of Bonferroni.

SETTING:

Exercise laboratory study; Edith Cowan University, Western Australia.
PARTICIPANTS:

Moderately active male volunteers (n = 10; mean age, 28 years) who participated in recreational sport and who had no injuries or history of heat illness were included.

INTERVENTION:

Five to 14 days before the trials, the participants were familiarized with the procedure by a progressive treadmill run to volitional exhaustion at their previously determined first ventilatory threshold running speed, in the same hot environment as the trials (34°C, 55% relative humidity). The 2 experimental trials were completed at the same time of day, 5 to 20 days apart. During the first 15 minutes, the participants rested while baseline measurements were taken. Over the next 30 minutes, they drank either a 7.5 g/kg flavored ice slurry (-1°C) or the same volume of flavored cold water (4°C) and then commenced the treadmill run. Participants were instructed to keep their normal lifestyle habits stable. In the 24 hours preceding the trials, they were asked to avoid strenuous exercise and to consume a specified amount of carbohydrate and fluid but no alcohol, caffeine, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or nutritional supplements. Urine and blood samples were taken, and respiratory variables, heart rate, and rectal and skin temperatures were continuously monitored. Heat storage was calculated from temperature and anthropomorphic measurements.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

The primary outcome measures were comparisons of run time to exhaustion, perceived exhaustion, heat storage capacity, and changes in rectal and skin body temperatures during the 2 trials.

MAIN RESULTS:

All 10 participants took longer to fatigue (range, 2.4-14.2 minutes) after ice slurry (mean, 50.2 minutes; SD, 8.5 minutes) than after cold water (mean, 40.7 minutes; SD, 7.2 minutes) ingestion (relative mean increase, 19%; SD, 6%; P = 0.001). Mean rectal temperature during the rest period did not differ between conditions but was 0.32°C lower after drinking the ice slurry than after cold water ingestion before the start of exercise (P = 0.001). During the treadmill runs, rectal temperature rose for both conditions but remained lower for the ice slurry condition for the first 30 minutes of exercise (P = 0.001). After exercise to exhaustion, mean rectal temperature was higher for the ice slurry condition than for the cold water condition (39.36°; SD, 0.41° vs 39.05°; SD, 0.37°; P = 0.001). Mean skin temperature showed a similar pattern to rectal temperature except that the conditions did not differ during or after exercise. During the prerun period, heat storage was lower after ice slurry than after cold water ingestion (-18.28 W/m vs -7.84 W/m; P = 0.001), but during exercise, heat storage was greater after ice slurry than after cold water ingestion (100.10 W/m vs 78.93 W/m; P = 0.005), although the mean rates of heat storage were similar between conditions. During exercise, participant ratings of thermal sensation and perceived exertion were lower after ice slurry than after cold water ingestion, except at exhaustion, when the ratings were similar.

CONCLUSIONS:

Ice slurry (slushy) compared with cold water ingestion prolonged running time to exhaustion in hot and humid conditions, reduced rectal temperature during exercise, and allowed rectal temperature to rise higher before the runner reached exhaustion.

Clin J Sport Med. 2011 Nov;21(6):541-2. Ice slurry ingestion increases running time in the heat.

[King Grub]

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of pre-exercise ice slurry ingestion and cold water immersion on submaximal running time in the heat. On three separate occasions, eight males ran to exhaustion at their first ventilatory threshold in the heat (34.0 ± 0.1°C, 52 ± 3% relative humidity) following one of three 30 min pre-exercise manoeuvres: (1) ice slurry ingestion; (2) cold water immersion; or (3) warm fluid ingestion (control). Running time was longer following cold water immersion (56.8 ± 5.6 min; P = 0.008) and ice slurry ingestion (52.7 ± 8.4 min; P = 0.005) compared with control (46.7 ± 7.2 min), but not significantly different between cold water immersion and ice slurry ingestion (P = 0.335). During exercise, rectal temperature was lower with cold water immersion from 15 and 20 min into exercise compared with control and ice slurry ingestion, respectively, and remained lower until 40 min (P = 0.001). At exhaustion rectal temperature was significantly higher following ice slurry ingestion (39.76 ± 0.36°C) compared with control (39.48 ± 0.36°C; P = 0.042) and tended to be higher than cold water immersion (39.48 ± 0.34°C; P = 0.065). As run times were similar between conditions, ice slurry ingestion may be a comparable form of pre-cooling to cold water immersion.

J Sports Sci. 2011 Dec 1. Pre-cooling with ice slurry ingestion leads to similar run times to exhaustion in the heat as cold water immersion.

[Sverker]

Värmekapacitiviteten är många gånger större i en isslurry än i vatten eftersom kroppen måste smälta isen också. Antar att energiskillnaden anges i studien.

Undrar ifall sambandet är rätlinjigt.

[King Grub]

This study investigated the effect of ice slurry ingestion during a triathlon on intragastric temperature and 10 km running performance in the heat. Nine well-trained male triathletes performed two randomised trials of a simulated Olympic distance triathlon in hot conditions (32-34°C). Exercise intensity during the swim (1500 m) and cycle (1 hr) legs was standardised, and the 10 km run leg was a self-paced time trial. During the cycle leg, either 10 g · kgBM-1 of ice slurry (< 1°C) or room temperature fluid (32-34°C) was ingested. In the run leg of the ice slurry trial, performance time (43.4 ± 3.7 vs. 44.6 ± 4.0 min; P = 0.03), intragastric temperature (at 1.5 km; 35.5 ± 1.2 vs. 37.5 ± 0.4°C; P = 0.002) and perceived thermal stress (at 5 km; 73 ± 9 vs. 80 ± 7 mm; P = 0.04) were significantly lower. Oxygen consumption was significantly higher in the ice trial between 9.5-10 km (52.4 ± 3.4 vs. 47.8 ± 5.4 mL · kg-1 · min-1; P = 0.04). The results suggest ice slurry ingestion was an effective ergogenic aid for triathlon running performance in the heat. The attenuation of intragastric temperature and perceived thermal stress were likely contributors to the self-selection of a higher running intensity and improved performance time.

J Sports Sci. 2013 Mar 18. Ice slurry ingestion during cycling improves Olympic distance triathlon performance in the heat.