Metaanalys över fruktospåverkan på glykering, triacylglycerolnivåer och kroppsvikt.

[King Grub]

The glycemic response to dietary fructose is low, which may improve concentrations of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c, a marker of dysglycemia). Meanwhile, adverse effects on plasma triacylglycerol (a marker of dyslipidemia) and body weight have been questioned. Such effects are reported inconsistently.

We aimed to evaluate the effect of fructose on these health markers, particularly examining treatment dose and duration, and level of glycemic control.

A literature search was conducted for relevant randomized and controlled intervention studies of crystalline or pure fructose (excluding high-fructose corn syrup), data extraction, meta-analyses, and modeling using meta-regression.

Fructose intake < 90 g/d significantly improved HbA1c concentrations dependent on the dose, the duration of study, and the continuous severity of dysglycemia throughout the range of dysglycemia. There was no significant change in body weight at intakes <100 g fructose/d. Fructose intakes of <50 g/d had no postprandially significant effect on triacylglycerol and those of ≤100g/d had no significant effect when subjects were fasting. At ≥100 g fructose/d, the effect on fasting triacylglycerol depended on whether sucrose or starch was being exchanged with fructose, and the effect was dose-dependent but was less with increasing duration of treatment. Different health types and sources of bias were examined; they showed no significant departure from a general trend.

The meta-analysis shows that fructose intakes from 0 to ≥90 g/d have a beneficial effect on HbA1c. Significant effects on postprandial triacylglycerols are not evident unless >50 g fructose/d is consumed, and no significant effects are seen for fasting triacylglycerol or body weight with intakes of ≤100 g fructose/d in adults.

http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/full/88/5/1419

[The Draf]

Okej... Så nu påverkar inte fruktos vikten mer negativt än något annat, samt att glycated hemoglobin ökar. Det låter positivt, men jag vet att diabetes ger höga glycated hemoglobin nivåer, är höjda värden bra?

[Eddie Vedder]

Den här texten från samma nummer av AJCN diskuterar just metastudien som King Grub postar samt fruktosens risker rent allmänt:

http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/full/88/5/1189?etoc

How safe is fructose for persons with or without diabetes? Am J Clin Nutr 2008;88 1189-1190

The Draf: Glykerat hemoglobin ökade inte, det minskade. Det är positivt och beror sannolikt på att fruktos höjer blodsockret långsammare, ju högre blodsockerkoncentration i blodet desto mer AGE-produkter som är skadligt.

Men det är fortfarande så att högt fruktosintag anses vara en stor hälsorisk.

[Scratch89]

Frågan är ju hur man får i sig över nittio gram fruktos: Genom frukt så blir det en hel del. Dricker man två liter cola får man i sig 200 gram socker, varav 100 gram är fruktos, men då känns det som om fruktosintaget i sig inte är det farligaste.

[Mental]

I ett land med stort och utbrett bruk av HFCS är det nog inga problem.

[Sverker]

Hur dricker man 2 liter cola ? När jag var liten köpte man läsk glasflaskor. Det fanns, i sällsynta fall, 1 liters glasflaskor. Läsk på burk fanns inte och öl fanns i burkar av plåt som rostade i naturen.


Min generation dricker inte litervis med läsk. Det lär dröja ytterligare 25 år innan vi får reda på vilka medicinska effekter storkonsumtion av läsk får på folk.

[Anton Fräs]

Min generation å andra sidan sverker, kan enkelt dra i sig 2-3 liter läsk. Speciellt de kids som spenderar mycket tid vid datorn/tvspel och spelar.. "Spännande" att se vilka effekter det kan få längre fram i deras liv. Kan väl tillägga att jag själv drack 2-3 liter coca cola zero/coca cola light om dagen i perioder för ca. 1-2 år sedan.. Inget man är stolt över:smash:

[King Grub]

Kan väl tillägga att jag själv drack 2-3 liter coca cola zero/coca cola light om dagen i perioder för ca. 1-2 år sedan..

Det kan dock inte ha någon sådan här påverkan.

[Scratch89]

Det kan dock inte ha någon sådan här påverkan.

Nä, då hamnar det nog i en metaanalys över aspartampåverkan istället.

[King Grub]

The rise in prevalence of obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and fatty liver disease has been linked to increased consumption of fructose-containing foods or beverages. Our aim was to compare the effects of moderate consumption of fructose-containing and non-caloric sweetened beverages on feeding behavior, metabolic and serum lipid profiles, and hepatic histology and serum liver enzymes, in rats. Behavioral tests determined preferred (12.5-15%) concentrations of solutions of agave, fructose, high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), a combination of HFCS and Hoodia (a putative appetite suppressant), or the non-caloric sweetener Stevia (n=5/gp). HFCS intake was highest, in preference and self-administration tests. Groups (n=10/gp) were then assigned to one of the sweetened beverages or water as the sole source of liquid at night (3 nights/wk, 10wks). Although within the normal range, serum cholesterol was higher in the fructose and HFCS groups, and serum triglycerides were higher in the Agave, HFCS, and HFCS/Hoodia groups (vs. water-controls, p<0.05). Liver histology was normal in all groups with no evidence of steatosis, inflammation, or fibrosis; however serum alanine aminotransferase was higher in the fructose and HFCS groups (vs. water-controls, p<0.05). Serum inflammatory marker levels were comparable among Stevia, agave, fructose, HFCS, and water-consuming groups, however levels of IL-6 were significantly lower in association with the ingestion of Hoodia. There were no differences in terminal body weights, or glucose tolerance assessed by 120-min IVGTTs performed at the end of the 10-week regimen. We conclude that even moderate consumption of fructose-containing liquids may lead to the onset of unfavorable changes in the plasma lipid profile and one marker of liver health, independent of significant effects of sweetener consumption on body weight.

Physiol Behav. 2009 Oct 5. Effect of moderate intake of sweeteners on metabolic health in the rat.